The effect of Canola oil nanoemulsion on hematological parameters of mice with breast cancer cell line TUBO

 Background: In developing countries, the prevalence of breast cancer has increased and is becoming a major global problem. Extensive research has been devoted to understanding the causes of breast cancer and creating new treatment methods for this disease. Canola plant is rich in sulfur-containing compounds that are responsible for its rich content of glucosinolates, pungent aroma and flavor. This plant contains antioxidants such as vitamin C and E, carotenoids and antioxidant enzymes such as catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase. The aim of this research is to investigate the effect of canola oil nanoemulsion on the hematological factors of mice suffering from breast cancer with TUBO cell line. Materials and Methods: In this experimental research, the synthesis of nanoemulsion from canola oil was carried out and its size and stability were confirmed. Then TUBO cancer cells were cultured and injected into mice. The treatment was carried out with canola oil nanoemulsion with concentrations of 1, 2 and 4% and homogenous with tamoxifen. Statistical analysis of data related to blood parameters was done by SPSS statistical software and one-way ANOWA and Tukey's test were used to compare the results between groups. p<0.05 was considered significant. Results: In the present study, the amount of white blood cells in the cancer group increased significantly compared to the control group (control: 3167±93, cancer: 8150±676, P<0.01). By performing the treatment and increasing the amount of Canola oil nanoemulsion, the amount of white blood cells decreased compared to the cancer group (4775±1557 and P<0.01). On the contrary, this happened for red blood cells and it decreased from 7712000±400000 in the control group to 5908000±190000 in the cancer group (P<0.001). Treatment with nanoemulsion corrected this change and increased the number of red blood cells to 6444000±120000 (P<0.05). Regarding hemoglobin and related parameters, no significant difference was observed between the control and cancer group and treated with nanoemulsion and tamoxifen groups. The number of platelets in the cancer group showed a significant difference from the control group, and the treated groups showed significant changes in the direction of approaching the control group (control: 787000±131243, cancer: 405250±40034, treated with nanoemulsion: 633400±48264 ( P < 0.05). Conclusion: The synthesized Canola oil nanoemulsion with a size below 50 nm and a zeta potential of about -30 has high stability and uniform dispersion. Cancer induction caused changes in blood parameters of mice. The treatment with nanoemulsion improved these changes to the desired extent, which is probably related to the antioxidant compounds present in the Canola oil.